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 **New Literacies. Examples:** Contributing to a Wiki; accessing a portable document file (pdf) of a student assignment archived online; Playing a massively multi-player online game, like Kingdomofloathing.com; Creating fan-based animations that remix clips from a range of animation shows and movies; Blogging; Using image manipulation like Photoshop.
 * Meta-knowledge **. For the reason of different definitions of knowledge in the subject matter literature, meta-information is or is not included in meta-knowledge. Detailed cognitive, systemic and [|epistemic] study of human knowledge requires a distinguishing of these concepts. but in the common language knowledge includes information, and, for example, [|bibliographic] [|data] are considered as a meta-knowledge. Lankshear and Knobel note that “the current explosion of new literacies, and the progressive push toward realizing the second mindset seems to be opening up further dimensions of ‘metas’ that may need to be taken much more seriously in relation to learning and to literacy education that they have to date.” Such meta-knowledge runs a wide range …from “knowing how to conduct oneself within a given network space…to giving advice to newbies …to giving stuff aweay free…to paying the cost of hosting a public fan website…to being savvy about when it is all right to divulge personal contact details online and when it is not…to being able to scrutinize the veracity of texts obtained via networks or online spaces” and so on.